Effect of incorporating 1 avocado per day on lipoprotein particle concentrations compared to habitual intake in adults with abdominal obesity: An ancillary study of the Habitual Diet and Avocado Trial, a randomized controlled trial

Background:

Avocado intake improves blood lipid profiles, but the effect on lipoprotein particles and subclasses is less clear.

Objective:

The aim was to investigate the effect of consuming 1 avocado per day for 26 weeks on the change in lipoprotein particles and subclasses compared to a habitual diet without supplemental avocados in free-living adults with abdominal obesity.

Methods:

This is an ancillary study of the Habitual Diet and Avocado Trial, a multicenter, parallel-arm, 26-week randomized controlled trial. The Avocado-supplemented Diet Group was provided with 1 avocado per day, and the Habitual Diet Group was instructed to follow their habitual diet. Fasting plasma samples collected at baseline and 26 weeks were analyzed for concentrations of lipoprotein particles and subclasses using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Between-group differences in the 26-week change from baseline were evaluated using linear regression, with adjustment for study site.

Results:

The analytical sample included 786 participants with available data. The Avocado-supplemented Diet Group had a reduction in total low-density lipoprotein particle concentration compared to the Habitual Diet Group. No between-group differences were observed for LDL particle size and subclasses, triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particles, high-density lipoprotein particles, or apolipoproteins A or B.

Conclusions:

Incorporating 1 avocado per day into habitual diets for 26 weeks reduced the concentration of atherogenic LDL particles without affecting other lipoprotein particles and subclasses in adults with abdominal obesity.